The 24-member English all-male, all-adult choir De Profundis performs in lower voice ranges, with the music sung at a lower pitch than is usually heard in Renaissance vocal music. De Profundis consists of hand-picked singers from Cambridge, London, and elsewhere in South East England. The group's name refers both to this practice and to the phrase ("from the depths") often heard in Renaissance motets. De Profundis was founded in 2011 by Mark Dourish, a choral singer and a graduate of Cambridge. Dourish has remained the group's artistic director, but De Profundis has worked with a roster of top guest conductors rather than retaining a conductor of its own. Soon after its formation, De Profundis gave a concert featuring the Pope Marcellus Mass and a group of double-choir motets by Palestrina, conducted by David Allinson. Allinson returned for a group of performances devoted to Spanish polyphony, many of them presented while the group was on tour in Spain; a return visit to Spain was planned for 2019. Allinson and Spanish repertory also figured in the group's London debut, at the Voices of London Festival in 2015; the group performed Victoria's Missa O quam gloriosum. Other De Profundis conductors have included Robert Hollingworth, who led the group in a performance of Brumel's Earthquake Mass in 2012 and in appearances on the Italian Vespers album of the early music group I Fagiolini the same year. David Skinner has also led the group in Spanish repertory, including a 2014 reading of works by the hitherto almost unknown Bernardino de Ribera; those performances were recorded and released on De Profundis' debut on the Hyperion label in 2016. Conductors for the ensemble have included Edward Wickham, who led the Franco-Flemish program Ave maris stella; Andrew Parrott, who conducted the Missa Cantantibus organis concerts of Roman polyphony; and Andrew Carwood, who led Sancta et immaculata, a 2016 program of music from Renaissance Seville. Hollingworth returned as conductor for the group's sophomore release on Hyperion, featuring the Missa Assumpsit Jesus, by another little-known Spanish composer, Sebastián de Vivanco. ~ James Manheim